Coiled Tubing Glossary...

False Set: an abnormal early thickening of cement slurry in which the slurry remains pumpable for the usual thickening time. The thickening may be reversible during the pumping history of the slurry.

Fatigue: The process of progressive localized permanent structural change occurring in a material subjected to conditions which produce fluctuating stresses which culminate in cracks or complete failure after a sufficient number of fluctuations.

Female Connection: A pipe, coupling, or tool threaded on the inside so that only a male connection can be joined to it.

Filter Cake: A layer of concentrated solids from drilling mud or cement, which forms on the wall of the wellbore during drilling operations.

Fish: A universal description for a downhole obstruction not intended to be there. Normally used to describe an item of equipment left in the well as a consequence of a previous workover operation.

Float Collar: A special coupling device, inserted one or two joints above the bottom of the casing string, that contains a check valve to permit fluid to pass downward but not upward through the casing. The float collar prevents drilling mud from entering the casing while it is being lowered, allowing the casing to float during its descent and also decreasing the load on the derrick. Also prevents a backflow of cement into the casing during cementing operations.

Float Shoe: A short, heavy, cylindrical steel section with a rounded bottom, attached to the bottom of the casing string. It contains a check valve and functions similarly to the float collar but also serves as a guide shoe for the casing.

Flow Meter: A device that measures the amount of fluid moving through a pipe.

Flow Tee: A piece of iron in the shape of a "T" allowing gas and fluids to be circulated out of the side to a tank or pit.

Fluid End: The portion or end of a fluid pump that contains the parts involved in moving the fluid. (as liners, rods and plungers) as opposed to the end that produces the power for movement.

Fluid Loss Additive: a compound added to the cement slurry or to drilling mud to prevent or minimize fluid loss.

Fluid Loss: The migration of fluid from a slurry into a porous media, such as the formation.

Flush: The volume of fluid needed to fill a given linear feet of tubulars of open hole.

Fly Ash: an artificial pozzolan; residue of burnt coal.

Formation Damage: The reduction of permeability in a reservoir rock caused by the invasion of drilling fluids and treating fluids to the section adjacent to the wellbore. This can occur anytime in the life of the well.

Formation Fracturing: A method of stimulating production by increasing the permeability of the producing formation. Under high pressures a fluid is pumped downward through the tubulars and forced into the perforations in the casing. The fluid enters the formation and parts or fractures it. Proppants are carried in suspension into the formation by the frac fluid. When the pressure is released at surface the fluid returns to the wellbore and the fractures partially close on the proppants, leaving channels for oil or gas to flow to the wellbore.

Formation: A bed or deposit composed throughout of substantially the same kinds of rock. Each different formation is given a name, frequently as a result of the study of the formation outcrop at the surface and sometimes based on fossils found in the formation.

Fracture: A crack or crevice in a formation, either natural or induced.

Free Water: In cement slurries, it is the excess mix water not absorbed into the slurry.

Friction Coefficient: A dimensionless figure utilized in CIRCA to define the condition of the well. The higher the coefficient the 'rougher' the well is assumed to be.

Friction Lock: A term used to describe the situation whereby further entry into the well with the coiled tubing is not possible. The situation occurs due to formation of a Helical Spiral and so the driving force from the injector is not transmitted to the BHA thereby preventing further progress into the well.

Friction Pressure: the pressure (or head) lost by flowing water or other fluids as a result of the internal friction of the fluid and the friction between the moving fluid and the walls of the conduit.

Please inform ICoTA to add a glossary term.